1. Introduction to the course.

Topics: The goal of the course. Course Materials. Organization. Evaluation orders. Lazyness. Type classes.
Reading: Chapters 1–6, Chapters 8–10 (mostly repetition of what you have seen in Introduction to Functional Programming at Chalmers). Note that it is ~200 pages, so start reading now if you need an update!
Source code
Optional reading:
- Applicative Functors are introduced in Real World Haskell Chapter 10, used more later in the same book Chapter 16.
- Haskell — The Craft of Functional Programming: Chapter 12 on overloading, Chapter 16 on abstract types, and Chapter 17 on laziness.
- The Haskell School of Expression: Chapter 12 on type classes, Chapter 14 on streams, Section 18.1 on higher-order types.

2. Domain Specific Embedded Languages (EDSL).

Topics: Developing EDSL for describing shapes (e.g., squares, disc, etc.) and signals (to represent change of values over time). Shape animation. Deep vs. shallow embedding. Compositionality and abstraction.
Source code
Reading: DSL for the Uninitiated by Debasish Ghosh, Chapter 5 has a EDSL for pretty printing, Chapter 9 for file searching and Chapter 13 one for arithmetic expressions.
Exercises:
- Shape: extend the library with colored shapes
- Shape: define derived opertations x-reflection, y-reflection, and zoom_in
- Signal: define mapS as a derived operation

Topics: Side-effects in pure functional programming. Monads. Monads for error handling, logging, and state. Monads and EDSL.
Reading: Chapter 14
Source code
Optional reading:
- Chapter 15
- Monads for functional programming by Philip Wadler (the interpreter for arithmetic expressions is taken from this paper)

Topics: Functors. Applicative functors. Relation among functors, applicative functors, and monads. More example of monads (modeling IO).
Reading: Chapter 10 (Section Introducing Functors), FUNCTIONAL PEARL Applicative programming with effects (Page 1 – 6)
Source code
Optional reading:
- Functors: Page 1 and 2 from "Functional Pearl: F for Functor" by R. Hinze, J. Hackett, and D. W. H. James
- Applicative functors: FUNCTIONAL PEARL Applicative programming with effects
- Blog on Functors are containers by B. Milewski. This blog post explains Functors, Applicative Functors, and Monads using the concept of containers.
- Intermediate embedding: Beauty in the Beast, A Functional Semantics for the Awkward Squad by W. Swierstra and T. Altenkirch Sections 1, 2 and 3.

Topics: Another application of monads, namely parsing. Refinement of implementation by program derivation. The focus here is on learning outcome "Spec: use specifictaion based development techniques".
Source code
Reading: Chapter 16, until p. 390 or so; to get a feel for what parser combinators are, Parallel Parser Combinators, Koen's slides
Optional reading:
- Monadic Parser Combinators by Graham Hutton and Erik Meijer.
- The Design of a Pretty-printing Library by John Hughes.

Topics: we learn how to build complicated monads from simple building blocks. We cover the reader and state monad transformers. We apply them to write a interpreter for simple expressions.
Source code
Reading: Chapter 18 on Monad Transformers.
Optional reading:
- Monad Transformers and Modular Interpreters by Sheng Liang, Paul Hudak, and Mark Jones.

Topics: This lecture looks into the consequences of the application order of StateT and ExceptT monad transformers in the interpreter. The lecture also shows how to create your own monad transformers — for that, we show an implementation for StateT, ExceptT, and ReaderT.
Source code
The reading material is the same as lecture 6 (see above).

Topics: In this lecture, we will see a use of monads for controlling effects in order to provide security for Haskell programs. We will focus on how to preserve sensitive data when executed by untrusted code, i.e., code written by someone else.
Source code for MAC library, Source code for the demo

Reading: Functional Pearl: Two can keep a secret, If one of them uses Haskell by A. Russo

Topics: In this lecture, we look at program verification by proving properties by induction. We also explore property-based testing as increasing the confidence on program correctness.
Source code
Reading: Chapter 11. Chapter 2 in the book The Fun of Programming.
Optional reading: QuickCheck: A Lightweight Tool for Random Testing of Haskell Programs by K. Claessen and J. Hughes

Topics: We look how to do type-inference (type-checking) in DSL using GADTs. We describe existential and singleton types.
Source code
Reading: Existentially qualified types and GADTs.

Topics: In the first part of the lecture, we will discuss associated types, kinds, data kinds, type families, and singleton types. In the second part, the lecture briefly look back at the learning outcomes and how they relate to the different parts of the course and what parts of the Real world Haskell book are covered. Then we go through a few examples chosen by popular vote by the participants.
Source code
Reading: Type families on the Haskell Wiki, and Associated types in S. Peyton-Jones' slides
Optional reading: Fun with Type Functions by O. Kiselyov, S. Peyton-Jones, and C. Shan

This guest lecture has been canceled due to sickness. We will have a regular lecture instead, room EF.