------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Pointed types and loop spaces
------------------------------------------------------------------------

{-# OPTIONS --cubical-compatible --safe #-}

-- Partly following the HoTT book.

open import Equality

module Pointed-type
  {reflexive} (eq :  {a p}  Equality-with-J a p reflexive) where

open Derived-definitions-and-properties eq

open import Logical-equivalence using (_⇔_)
open import Prelude as P hiding (_×_)

open import Bijection eq as B using (_↔_)
open import Equivalence eq as E using (_≃_)
open import Extensionality eq
open import Function-universe eq as F hiding (id; _∘_)
open import H-level eq
open import Surjection eq using (_↠_)
open import Univalence-axiom eq

private
  variable
    a b  : Level
    A B   : Type a
    x y   : A
    p q   : x  y
    k     : Kind

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- The definition of pointed types

-- Pointed types.

Pointed-type :    Type (lsuc )
Pointed-type a =  λ (A : Type a)  A

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Based maps

-- Based maps (generalised to several kinds of underlying
-- "functions").

infix 4 _↝[_]ᴮ_ _→ᴮ_ _≃ᴮ_

_↝[_]ᴮ_ : Pointed-type a  Kind  Pointed-type b  Type (a  b)
(A , x) ↝[ k ]ᴮ (B , y) =
   λ (f : A ↝[ k ] B)  to-implication f x  y

-- Based maps.

_→ᴮ_ : Pointed-type a  Pointed-type b  Type (a  b)
_→ᴮ_ = _↝[ implication ]ᴮ_

-- Based equivalences.

_≃ᴮ_ : Pointed-type a  Pointed-type b  Type (a  b)
_≃ᴮ_ = _↝[ equivalence ]ᴮ_

private
  variable
    P P₁ P₂ Q Q₁ Q₂ R : Pointed-type a
    P→Q               : P →ᴮ Q
    P≃Q               : P ≃ᴮ Q

-- Based equivalences can be converted to based maps.

≃ᴮ→→ᴮ : P ≃ᴮ Q  P →ᴮ Q
≃ᴮ→→ᴮ = Σ-map _≃_.to id

-- Based equivalences are equivalent to equalities (assuming
-- univalence).

≃ᴮ≃≡ : {P Q : Pointed-type a}  Univalence a  (P ≃ᴮ Q)  (P  Q)
≃ᴮ≃≡ {P = A , x} {Q = B , y} univ =
  ( λ (A≃B : A  B)  _≃_.to A≃B x  y)    ↝⟨ (inverse $
                                                Σ-cong (≡≃≃ univ) λ A≃B 
                                                ≡⇒≃ $ cong (_≡ _) $
                                                subst-id-in-terms-of-≡⇒↝ equivalence) 
  ( λ (A≡B : A  B)  subst id A≡B x  y)  ↔⟨ B.Σ-≡,≡↔≡ ⟩□
  (A , x)  (B , y)                         

-- _↝[ k ]ᴮ_ is reflexive.

↝ᴮ-refl : P ↝[ k ]ᴮ P
↝ᴮ-refl {k} = F.id , cong (_$ _) (to-implication-id k)

-- _↝[ k ]ᴮ_ is transitive.

↝ᴮ-trans : P ↝[ k ]ᴮ Q  Q ↝[ k ]ᴮ R  P ↝[ k ]ᴮ R
↝ᴮ-trans {P = _ , x} {k} {Q = _ , y} {R = _ , z}
  (A↝B , p) (B↝C , q) =
    B↝C F.∘ A↝B
  , (to-implication (B↝C F.∘ A↝B) x             ≡⟨ cong (_$ _) $ to-implication-∘ k 
     to-implication B↝C (to-implication A↝B x)  ≡⟨ cong (to-implication B↝C) p 
     to-implication B↝C y                       ≡⟨ q ⟩∎
     z                                          )

-- _≃ᴮ_ is symmetric.

≃ᴮ-sym : P ≃ᴮ Q  Q ≃ᴮ P
≃ᴮ-sym (A≃B , p) = inverse A≃B , _≃_.to-from A≃B p

-- "Equational" reasoning combinators.

infix  -1 _□ᴮ finallyᴮ
infixr -2 stepᴮ

-- For an explanation of why stepᴮ is defined in this way, see
-- Equality.step-≡.

stepᴮ : (P : Pointed-type a) {Q : Pointed-type b} 
        Q ↝[ k ]ᴮ R  P ↝[ k ]ᴮ Q  P ↝[ k ]ᴮ R
stepᴮ _ = flip ↝ᴮ-trans

syntax stepᴮ P Q↝R P↝Q = P ↝ᴮ⟨ P↝Q  Q↝R

finallyᴮ :
  (P : Pointed-type a) (Q : Pointed-type b) 
  P ↝[ k ]ᴮ Q  P ↝[ k ]ᴮ Q
finallyᴮ _ _ P↝Q = P↝Q

syntax finallyᴮ P Q P↝Q = P ↝ᴮ⟨ P↝Q ⟩□ Q 

_□ᴮ : (P : Pointed-type a)  P ↝[ k ]ᴮ P
_ □ᴮ = ↝ᴮ-refl

-- There is a split surjection from based maps from
-- (Maybe A , nothing) to functions.

Maybe→ᴮ↠→ : (Maybe A , nothing) →ᴮ (B , x)  (A  B)
Maybe→ᴮ↠→ {A} {B} {x} = record
  { logical-equivalence = record
    { to   = (Maybe A , nothing) →ᴮ (B , x)  ↝⟨ proj₁ 
             (Maybe A  B)                   ↝⟨ _∘ inj₂ ⟩□
             (A  B)                         
    ; from = λ f  [  _  x) , f ] , refl x
    }
  ; right-inverse-of = refl
  }

-- Based maps from (Maybe A , nothing) are isomorphic to functions
-- (assuming extensionality).

Maybe→ᴮ↔→ :
   {A : Type a} {B : Type b} {x} 
  (Maybe A , nothing) →ᴮ (B , x) ↝[ a  b ] (A  B)
Maybe→ᴮ↔→ {A} {B} {x} = generalise-ext?
  (_↠_.logical-equivalence Maybe→ᴮ↠→)
   ext 
       refl
     ,  (f , eq)  Σ-≡,≡→≡
          (apply-ext ext
             [  _ 
                  x          ≡⟨ sym eq ⟩∎
                  f nothing  )
             ,  _  refl _)
             ])
          (subst  f  f nothing  x)
                 (apply-ext ext [  _  sym eq) ,  _  refl _) ])
                 (refl x)                                             ≡⟨ subst-ext ext 

           subst (_≡ x) (sym eq) (refl x)                             ≡⟨ subst-trans _ 

           trans eq (refl x)                                          ≡⟨ trans-reflʳ _ ⟩∎

           eq                                                         )))

-- A corollary.

Bool→ᴮ↔ :
   {A : Type a} {x} 
  (Bool , true) →ᴮ (A , x) ↝[ lzero  a ] A
Bool→ᴮ↔ {A} {x} ext =
  (Bool , true) →ᴮ (A , x)  ↝⟨ Maybe→ᴮ↔→ ext 
  (  A)                   ↔⟨ Π-left-identity ⟩□
  A                         

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Loop spaces

-- The loop space of a pointed type.

Ω : Pointed-type   Pointed-type 
Ω (A , x) = (x  x) , refl x

-- Iterated loop spaces.
--
-- The HoTT book uses Ω[ n ] ∘ Ω rather than Ω ∘ Ω[ n ]. I prefer
-- the following definition, because with the other definition the
-- type of Equality.Groupoid.Ω[2+n]-commutative would not be
-- well-formed. (See also Ω∘Ω[]≡Ω[]∘Ω.)

Ω[_] :   Pointed-type   Pointed-type 
Ω[ zero  ] = id
Ω[ suc n ] = Ω  Ω[ n ]

-- A rearrangement lemma for Ω and Ω[_].

Ω∘Ω[]≡Ω[]∘Ω :  n  Ω (Ω[ n ] P)  Ω[ n ] (Ω P)
Ω∘Ω[]≡Ω[]∘Ω {P} zero =
  Ω P  
Ω∘Ω[]≡Ω[]∘Ω {P} (suc n) =
  Ω (Ω[ suc n ] P)  ≡⟨⟩
  Ω (Ω (Ω[ n ] P))  ≡⟨ cong Ω $ Ω∘Ω[]≡Ω[]∘Ω n 
  Ω (Ω[ n ] (Ω P))  ≡⟨⟩
  Ω[ suc n ] (Ω P)  

-- Ω preserves based maps.

Ω-cong-→ᴮ : P →ᴮ Q  Ω P →ᴮ Ω Q
Ω-cong-→ᴮ {P = A , x} {Q = B , y} (to , to≡) =
    (x  x        ↝⟨ cong to 
     to x  to x  ↔⟨ ≡⇒≃ $ cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡ ⟩□
     y  y        )
  , (≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡) (cong to (refl x))      ≡⟨ cong (≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡)) $ cong-refl _ 
     ≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡) (refl (to x))           ≡⟨ elim¹
                                                           to≡  ≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡) (refl (to x)) 
                                                                   refl _)
                                                          (
         ≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ (refl _) (refl _)) (refl _)        ≡⟨ cong  eq  ≡⇒→ eq (refl _)) $ cong₂-refl _≡_ 
         ≡⇒→ (refl _) (refl _)                             ≡⟨ cong  eq  _≃_.to eq (refl _)) ≡⇒↝-refl ⟩∎
         refl _                                                       )
                                                          _ ⟩∎
     refl y                                          )

-- Ω preserves based equivalences.

Ω-cong-≃ᴮ : P ≃ᴮ Q  Ω P ≃ᴮ Ω Q
Ω-cong-≃ᴮ {P = A , x} {Q = B , y} (A≃B , to≡) =
    (x  x                        ↝⟨ inverse $ E.≃-≡ A≃B 
     _≃_.to A≃B x  _≃_.to A≃B x  ↝⟨ ≡⇒↝ _ $ cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡ ⟩□
     y  y                        )
  , proj₂ (Ω-cong-→ᴮ (_≃_.to A≃B , to≡))

-- Ω[ n ] preserves based maps.

Ω[_]-cong-→ᴮ :  n  P →ᴮ Q  Ω[ n ] P →ᴮ Ω[ n ] Q
Ω[ zero  ]-cong-→ᴮ A→B = A→B
Ω[ suc n ]-cong-→ᴮ A→B = Ω-cong-→ᴮ (Ω[ n ]-cong-→ᴮ A→B)

-- Ω[ n ] preserves based equivalences.

Ω[_]-cong-≃ᴮ :  n  P ≃ᴮ Q  Ω[ n ] P ≃ᴮ Ω[ n ] Q
Ω[ zero  ]-cong-≃ᴮ A≃B = A≃B
Ω[ suc n ]-cong-≃ᴮ A≃B = Ω-cong-≃ᴮ (Ω[ n ]-cong-≃ᴮ A≃B)

-- ≃ᴮ→→ᴮ commutes with Ω-cong-≃ᴮ/Ω-cong-→ᴮ.

≃ᴮ→→ᴮ-Ω-cong-≃ᴮ :
  (P≃Q : P ≃ᴮ Q) 
  ≃ᴮ→→ᴮ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q)  Ω-cong-→ᴮ (≃ᴮ→→ᴮ P≃Q)
≃ᴮ→→ᴮ-Ω-cong-≃ᴮ _ = refl _

-- ≃ᴮ→→ᴮ commutes with Ω[ n ]-cong-≃ᴮ/Ω[ n ]-cong-→ᴮ.

≃ᴮ→→ᴮ-Ω[_]-cong-≃ᴮ :
   n 
  ≃ᴮ→→ᴮ (Ω[ n ]-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q) 
  Ω[ n ]-cong-→ᴮ (≃ᴮ→→ᴮ P≃Q)
≃ᴮ→→ᴮ-Ω[_]-cong-≃ᴮ {P≃Q} = λ where
  zero     refl _
  (suc n) 
    ≃ᴮ→→ᴮ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ (Ω[ n ]-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q))  ≡⟨⟩
    Ω-cong-→ᴮ (≃ᴮ→→ᴮ (Ω[ n ]-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q))  ≡⟨ cong Ω-cong-→ᴮ ≃ᴮ→→ᴮ-Ω[ n ]-cong-≃ᴮ 
    Ω-cong-→ᴮ (Ω[ n ]-cong-→ᴮ (≃ᴮ→→ᴮ P≃Q))  

-- A lemma relating Ω-cong-→ᴮ and ↝ᴮ-refl.

proj₁-Ω-cong-→ᴮ-↝ᴮ-refl :
  proj₁ (Ω-cong-→ᴮ ↝ᴮ-refl) p  p
proj₁-Ω-cong-→ᴮ-↝ᴮ-refl {p} =
  ≡⇒→
    (cong₂ _≡_
       (cong (_$ _) (refl _))
       (cong (_$ _) (refl _)))
    (cong id p)                 ≡⟨ cong₂ ≡⇒→
                                     (trans (cong₂ (cong₂ _≡_)
                                               (cong-refl _)
                                               (cong-refl _)) $
                                      cong₂-refl _≡_)
                                     (sym $ cong-id _) 

  ≡⇒→ (refl _) p                ≡⟨ cong (_$ _) ≡⇒→-refl ⟩∎

  p                             

-- A lemma relating Ω-cong-≃ᴮ and ↝ᴮ-refl.

proj₁-Ω-cong-≃ᴮ-↝ᴮ-refl :
  _≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ ↝ᴮ-refl)) p  p
proj₁-Ω-cong-≃ᴮ-↝ᴮ-refl = proj₁-Ω-cong-→ᴮ-↝ᴮ-refl

-- A lemma relating Ω-cong-→ᴮ and trans.

Ω-cong-→ᴮ-trans :
  proj₁ (Ω-cong-→ᴮ P→Q) (trans p q) 
  trans (proj₁ (Ω-cong-→ᴮ P→Q) p)
        (proj₁ (Ω-cong-→ᴮ P→Q) q)
Ω-cong-→ᴮ-trans {P→Q = to , to≡} {p} {q} =
  ≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡) (cong to (trans p q))            ≡⟨ cong (≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡)) $
                                                              cong-trans _ _ _ 
  ≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡)
    (trans (cong to p) (cong to q))                        ≡⟨ lemma _ 

  trans
    (trans (sym to≡)
       (trans (cong to p) (cong to q)))
    to≡                                                    ≡⟨ trans (cong (flip trans _) $ sym $ trans-assoc _ _ _) $
                                                              trans-assoc _ _ _ 
  trans
    (trans (sym to≡) (cong to p))
    (trans (cong to q) to≡)                                ≡⟨ cong (trans _) $ sym $
                                                              trans--[trans-sym] _ _ 
  trans (trans (sym to≡) (cong to p))
    (trans to≡ (trans (sym to≡) (trans (cong to q) to≡)))  ≡⟨ trans (cong (trans _) $ cong (trans _) $ sym $ trans-assoc _ _ _) $
                                                              sym $ trans-assoc _ _ _ 
  trans
    (trans (trans (sym to≡) (cong to p)) to≡)
    (trans (trans (sym to≡) (cong to q)) to≡)              ≡⟨ sym $ cong₂ trans (lemma _) (lemma _) ⟩∎

  trans
    (≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡) (cong to p))
    (≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡) (cong to q))                  
  where
  lemma = λ p 
    ≡⇒→ (cong₂ _≡_ to≡ to≡) p                          ≡⟨⟩
    ≡⇒→ (trans (cong (_≡ _) to≡) (cong (_ ≡_) to≡)) p  ≡⟨ cong (_$ p) $ ≡⇒↝-trans equivalence 
    ≡⇒→ (cong (_ ≡_) to≡) (≡⇒→ (cong (_≡ _) to≡) p)    ≡⟨ sym $ subst-in-terms-of-≡⇒↝ equivalence _ _ _ 
    subst (_ ≡_) to≡ (≡⇒→ (cong (_≡ _) to≡) p)         ≡⟨ sym trans-subst 
    trans (≡⇒→ (cong (_≡ _) to≡) p) to≡                ≡⟨ cong (flip trans _) $ sym $ subst-in-terms-of-≡⇒↝ equivalence _ _ _ 
    trans (subst (_≡ _) to≡ p) to≡                     ≡⟨ cong (flip trans _) subst-trans-sym ⟩∎
    trans (trans (sym to≡) p) to≡                      

-- A lemma relating Ω-cong-≃ᴮ and trans.

Ω-cong-≃ᴮ-trans :
  (P≃Q : P ≃ᴮ Q) 
  _≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q)) (trans p q) 
  trans (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q)) p)
        (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q)) q)
Ω-cong-≃ᴮ-trans _ = Ω-cong-→ᴮ-trans

-- A lemma relating Ω[_]-cong-→ᴮ and trans.

Ω[1+_]-cong-→ᴮ-trans :
   n {p q} 
  proj₁ (Ω[ 1 + n ]-cong-→ᴮ P→Q) (trans p q) 
  trans (proj₁ (Ω[ 1 + n ]-cong-→ᴮ P→Q) p)
        (proj₁ (Ω[ 1 + n ]-cong-→ᴮ P→Q) q)
Ω[1+ _ ]-cong-→ᴮ-trans = Ω-cong-→ᴮ-trans

-- A lemma relating Ω[_]-cong-≃ᴮ and trans.

Ω[1+_]-cong-≃ᴮ-trans :
   n {p q} (P≃Q : P ≃ᴮ Q) 
  _≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω[ 1 + n ]-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q)) (trans p q) 
  trans (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω[ 1 + n ]-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q)) p)
        (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω[ 1 + n ]-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q)) q)
Ω[1+ n ]-cong-≃ᴮ-trans P≃Q = Ω-cong-≃ᴮ-trans (Ω[ n ]-cong-≃ᴮ P≃Q)

-- A has h-level 1 + n iff the iterated loop space Ω[ n ] (A , x) is
-- contractible for every x : A.

+⇔∀contractible-Ω[] :
   n 
  H-level (1 + n) A
    
  ((x : A)  Contractible (proj₁ $ Ω[ n ] (A , x)))
+⇔∀contractible-Ω[] {A} zero =
  Is-proposition A      ↝⟨ record { to   = propositional⇒inhabited⇒contractible
                                  ; from = [inhabited⇒contractible]⇒propositional
                                  } ⟩□
  (A  Contractible A)  

+⇔∀contractible-Ω[] {A} (suc zero) =
  Is-set A                            ↝⟨ 2+⇔∀1+≡ 0 
  ((x : A)  Is-proposition (x  x))  ↝⟨ (∀-cong _ λ x  record { to   = flip propositional⇒inhabited⇒contractible (refl x)
                                                                ; from = mono₁ 0
                                                                }) ⟩□
  ((x : A)  Contractible (x  x))    

+⇔∀contractible-Ω[] {A} (suc (suc n)) =
  H-level (3 + n) A                                                  ↝⟨ 2+⇔∀1+≡ (1 + n) 

  ((x : A)  H-level (2 + n) (x  x))                                ↝⟨ (∀-cong _ λ _  +⇔∀contractible-Ω[] (suc n)) 

  ((x : A) (p : x  x) 
   Contractible (proj₁ $ Ω[ 1 + n ] ((x  x) , p)))                  ↝⟨ (∀-cong _ λ _  ∀-cong _ λ _  H-level-cong _ _ $ proj₁ $
                                                                         Ω[ 1 + n ]-cong-≃ᴮ $ lemma _) 

  ((x : A)  x  x  Contractible (proj₁ $ Ω[ 1 + n ] (Ω (A , x))))  ↝⟨ (∀-cong _ λ x  _↠_.logical-equivalence $ inhabited→↠ (refl x)) 

  ((x : A)  Contractible (proj₁ $ Ω[ 1 + n ] (Ω (A , x))))          ↝⟨ (∀-cong _ λ _  ≡⇒↝ _ $ cong (Contractible  proj₁) $ sym $
                                                                         Ω∘Ω[]≡Ω[]∘Ω (1 + n)) ⟩□
  ((x : A)  Contractible (proj₁ $ Ω[ 2 + n ] (A , x)))              
  where
  lemma : (p : x  x)  ((x  x) , p) ≃ᴮ Ω (A , x)
  lemma p = E.↔⇒≃ (inverse $ flip-trans-isomorphism p)
          , (trans p (sym p)  ≡⟨ trans-symʳ _ ⟩∎
             refl _           )

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Products

-- The product of two pointed types.

infixr 2 _×_

_×_ : Pointed-type a  Pointed-type b  Pointed-type (a  b)
(A , x) × (B , y) = (A P.× B) , (x , y)

-- The first projection.

proj₁ᴾ : (P × Q) →ᴮ P
proj₁ᴾ = proj₁ , refl _

-- The second projection.

proj₂ᴾ : (P × Q) →ᴮ Q
proj₂ᴾ = proj₂ , refl _

-- The operator _×_ preserves based maps and equivalences.

infixr 2 _×-cong-→ᴮ_ _×-cong-≃ᴮ_

_×-cong-→ᴮ_ : P₁ →ᴮ P₂  Q₁ →ᴮ Q₂  (P₁ × Q₁) →ᴮ (P₂ × Q₂)
(f₁ , eq₁) ×-cong-→ᴮ (f₂ , eq₂) =
    (f₁ ×-cong f₂)
  , cong₂ _,_ eq₁ eq₂

_×-cong-≃ᴮ_ : P₁ ≃ᴮ P₂  Q₁ ≃ᴮ Q₂  (P₁ × Q₁) ≃ᴮ (P₂ × Q₂)
(f₁ , eq₁) ×-cong-≃ᴮ (f₂ , eq₂) =
    (f₁ ×-cong f₂)
  , cong₂ _,_ eq₁ eq₂

-- Ω commutes with _×_.

Ω-× : Ω (P × Q) ≃ᴮ (Ω P × Ω Q)
Ω-× {P = A , x} {Q = B , y} =
    ((x , y)  (x , y)  ↝⟨ E.↔⇒≃ (inverse ≡×≡↔≡) ⟩□
     x  x P.× y  y    )
  , ((cong proj₁ (refl (x , y)) , cong proj₂ (refl (x , y)))  ≡⟨ cong₂ _,_ (cong-refl _) (cong-refl _) ⟩∎
     (refl x , refl y)                                        )

-- Ω[ n ] commutes with _×_.

Ω[_]-× :  n  Ω[ n ] (P × Q) ≃ᴮ (Ω[ n ] P × Ω[ n ] Q)
Ω[_]-× {P} {Q} = λ where
  zero     P × Q  □ᴮ
  (suc n) 
    Ω (Ω[ n ] (P × Q))           ↝ᴮ⟨ Ω-cong-≃ᴮ Ω[ n ]-× 
    Ω (Ω[ n ] P × Ω[ n ] Q)      ↝ᴮ⟨ Ω-× ⟩□
    Ω (Ω[ n ] P) × Ω (Ω[ n ] Q)  

-- A lemma relating Ω[ 1 ]-× and Ω-×.

Ω[1]-× : _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω[ 1 ]-×) p  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) p
Ω[1]-× {p} =
  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω[ 1 ]-×) p                                  ≡⟨⟩
  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ ↝ᴮ-refl)) p)  ≡⟨ cong (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×)) proj₁-Ω-cong-≃ᴮ-↝ᴮ-refl ⟩∎
  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) p                                       

-- A lemma relating Ω-× and trans.

Ω-×-trans :
  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) (trans p q) 
  Σ-zip trans trans
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) p)
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) q)
Ω-×-trans {p} {q} =
  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) (trans p q)         ≡⟨⟩

  ( cong proj₁ (trans p q)
  , cong proj₂ (trans p q)
  )                                      ≡⟨ cong₂ _,_
                                              (cong-trans _ _ _)
                                              (cong-trans _ _ _) 
  ( trans (cong proj₁ p) (cong proj₁ q)
  , trans (cong proj₂ p) (cong proj₂ q)
  )                                      ≡⟨⟩

  Σ-zip trans trans
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) p)
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×) q)               

-- A lemma relating Ω[_]-× and trans.

Ω[1+_]-×-trans :
   n {p q : proj₁ (Ω[ suc n ] (P × Q))} 
  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω[ suc n ]-×) (trans p q) 
  Σ-zip trans trans
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω[ suc n ]-×) p)
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω[ suc n ]-×) q)
Ω[1+ n ]-×-trans {p} {q} =
  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×)
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ Ω[ n ]-×)) (trans p q))  ≡⟨ cong (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×)) $ Ω-cong-≃ᴮ-trans Ω[ n ]-× 

  _≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×)
    (trans (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ Ω[ n ]-×)) p)
           (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ Ω[ n ]-×)) q))    ≡⟨ Ω-×-trans ⟩∎

  Σ-zip trans trans
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×)
       (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ Ω[ n ]-×)) p))
    (_≃_.to (proj₁ Ω-×)
       (_≃_.to (proj₁ (Ω-cong-≃ᴮ Ω[ n ]-×)) q))