------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Some definitions related to and properties of booleans
------------------------------------------------------------------------

{-# OPTIONS --without-K --safe #-}

open import Equality

module Bool
  {reflexive} (eq :  {a p}  Equality-with-J a p reflexive) where

open import Logical-equivalence using (_⇔_)
open import Prelude hiding (id; _∘_; swap)

open import Bijection eq as Bijection using (_↔_)
open Derived-definitions-and-properties eq
open import Equality.Decision-procedures eq
open import Equivalence eq using (_≃_; ↔⇒≃; lift-equality)
open import Function-universe eq
open import H-level eq
open import H-level.Closure eq

-- The not function is involutive.

not-involutive :  b  not (not b)  b
not-involutive true  = refl _
not-involutive false = refl _

-- Bool is isomorphic to Fin 2.

Bool↔Fin2 : Bool  Fin 2
Bool↔Fin2 =
          ↝⟨ inverse $ id ⊎-cong ⊎-right-identity ⟩□
        

-- A non-trivial automorphism on Bool.

swap : Bool  Bool
swap = record
  { surjection = record
    { logical-equivalence = record
      { to   = not
      ; from = not
      }
    ; right-inverse-of = not-involutive
    }
  ; left-inverse-of = not-involutive
  }

private

  non-trivial : _↔_.to swap  id
  non-trivial not≡id = Bool.true≢false (cong (_$ false) not≡id)

-- Equality rearrangement lemmas.

not≡⇒≢ : (b₁ b₂ : Bool)  not b₁  b₂  b₁  b₂
not≡⇒≢ true  true  f≡t _   = Bool.true≢false (sym f≡t)
not≡⇒≢ true  false _   t≡f = Bool.true≢false t≡f
not≡⇒≢ false true  _   f≡t = Bool.true≢false (sym f≡t)
not≡⇒≢ false false t≡f _   = Bool.true≢false t≡f

≢⇒not≡ : (b₁ b₂ : Bool)  b₁  b₂  not b₁  b₂
≢⇒not≡ true  true  t≢t = ⊥-elim (t≢t (refl _))
≢⇒not≡ true  false _   = refl _
≢⇒not≡ false true  _   = refl _
≢⇒not≡ false false f≢f = ⊥-elim (f≢f (refl _))

not≡↔≡not : {b₁ b₂ : Bool}  not b₁  b₂  b₁  not b₂
not≡↔≡not {true} {true} =
  false  true  ↝⟨ inverse $ Bijection.⊥↔uninhabited (Bool.true≢false  sym) 
  ⊥₀            ↝⟨ Bijection.⊥↔uninhabited Bool.true≢false ⟩□
  true  false  
not≡↔≡not {true} {false} =
  false  false  ↝⟨ inverse Bijection.≡↔inj₂≡inj₂ 
  tt  tt        ↝⟨ Bijection.≡↔inj₁≡inj₁ ⟩□
  true  true    
not≡↔≡not {false} {true} =
  true  true    ↝⟨ inverse Bijection.≡↔inj₁≡inj₁ 
  tt  tt        ↝⟨ Bijection.≡↔inj₂≡inj₂ ⟩□
  false  false  
not≡↔≡not {false} {false} =
  true  false  ↝⟨ inverse $ Bijection.⊥↔uninhabited Bool.true≢false 
  ⊥₀            ↝⟨ Bijection.⊥↔uninhabited (Bool.true≢false  sym) ⟩□
  false  true  

-- Some lemmas related to T.

T↔≡true : {b : Bool}  T b  b  true
T↔≡true {false} =   $⟨ Bool.true≢false 
  true  false      ↝⟨ (_∘ sym) 
  false  true      ↝⟨ Bijection.⊥↔uninhabited ⟩□
    false  true  
T↔≡true {true} =              $⟨ refl true 
  true  true                 ↝⟨ propositional⇒inhabited⇒contractible Bool-set 
  Contractible (true  true)  ↝⟨ _⇔_.to contractible⇔↔⊤ 
  true  true               ↝⟨ inverse ⟩□
    true  true             

T-not↔≡false :  {b}  T (not b)  b  false
T-not↔≡false {b} =
  T (not b)     ↝⟨ T↔≡true 
  not b  true  ↝⟨ not≡↔≡not ⟩□
  b  false     

T-not⇔¬T :
   b  T (not b)  ¬ T b
T-not⇔¬T true =
          ↔⟨ Bijection.⊥↔uninhabited (_$ _) 
  (  )  
T-not⇔¬T false =
      ↝⟨ record { to = λ _  id } ⟩□
  ¬   

T-not↔¬T :
   {k} 
  Extensionality? k (# 0) (# 0) 
   b  T (not b) ↝[ k ] ¬ T b
T-not↔¬T _ true =
          ↔⟨ Bijection.⊥↔uninhabited (_$ _) 
  (  )  
T-not↔¬T ext false =
      ↝⟨ inverse-ext? ¬⊥↔⊤ ext ⟩□
  ¬   

¬T⇔≡false :  {b}  ¬ T b  b  false
¬T⇔≡false {b} =
  ¬ T b      ↝⟨ inverse $ T-not⇔¬T b 
  T (not b)  ↔⟨ T-not↔≡false ⟩□
  b  false  

¬T↔≡false :
   {k} 
  Extensionality? k (# 0) (# 0) 
   {b}  ¬ T b ↝[ k ] b  false
¬T↔≡false ext {b} =
  ¬ T b      ↝⟨ inverse-ext? (flip T-not↔¬T b) ext 
  T (not b)  ↔⟨ T-not↔≡false ⟩□
  b  false  

T-∧↔T×T :  b₁ {b₂}  T (b₁  b₂)  T b₁ × T b₂
T-∧↔T×T true {b₂} =
  T b₂      ↝⟨ inverse ×-left-identity ⟩□
   × T b₂  
T-∧↔T×T false {b₂} =
           ↝⟨ inverse ×-left-zero ⟩□
   × T b₂  

T-∨⇔T⊎T :  b₁ {b₂}  T (b₁  b₂)  T b₁  T b₂
T-∨⇔T⊎T true       = record { to = inj₁ }
T-∨⇔T⊎T false {b₂} =
  T b₂      ↔⟨ inverse ⊎-left-identity ⟩□
    T b₂  

-- Bool ≃ Bool is isomorphic to Bool (assuming extensionality).

[Bool≃Bool]↔Bool₁ : Extensionality lzero lzero 
                    (Bool  Bool)  Bool
[Bool≃Bool]↔Bool₁ ext = record
  { surjection = record
    { logical-equivalence = record
      { to   = λ eq  _≃_.to eq true
      ; from = if_then id else ↔⇒≃ swap
      }
    ; right-inverse-of = λ { true  refl _; false  refl _ }
    }
  ; left-inverse-of = λ eq 
      lift-equality ext (apply-ext ext (lemma₂ eq))
  }
  where
  lemma₁ :  b  _≃_.to (if b then id else ↔⇒≃ swap) false  not b
  lemma₁ true  = refl _
  lemma₁ false = refl _

  lemma₂ :  eq b 
           _≃_.to (if _≃_.to eq true then id else ↔⇒≃ swap) b 
           _≃_.to eq b
  lemma₂ eq true  with _≃_.to eq true
  ...             | true  = refl _
  ...             | false = refl _
  lemma₂ eq false =
    _≃_.to (if _≃_.to eq true then id else ↔⇒≃ swap) false  ≡⟨ lemma₁ (_≃_.to eq true) 
    not (_≃_.to eq true)                                    ≡⟨ ≢⇒not≡ _ _ (Bool.true≢false  _≃_.injective eq) ⟩∎
    _≃_.to eq false                                         

-- Another proof showing that Bool ≃ Bool is isomorphic to Bool
-- (assuming extensionality).

[Bool≃Bool]↔Bool₂ : Extensionality lzero lzero 
                    (Bool  Bool)  Bool
[Bool≃Bool]↔Bool₂ ext = record
  { surjection = record
    { logical-equivalence = record
      { to   = λ eq  _≃_.to eq false
      ; from = if_then ↔⇒≃ swap else id
      }
    ; right-inverse-of = λ { true  refl _; false  refl _ }
    }
  ; left-inverse-of = λ eq 
      lift-equality ext (apply-ext ext (lemma₂ eq))
  }
  where
  lemma₁ :  b  _≃_.to (if b then ↔⇒≃ swap else id) true  not b
  lemma₁ true  = refl _
  lemma₁ false = refl _

  lemma₂ :  eq b 
           _≃_.to (if _≃_.to eq false then ↔⇒≃ swap else id) b 
           _≃_.to eq b
  lemma₂ eq false with _≃_.to eq false
  ...             | true  = refl _
  ...             | false = refl _
  lemma₂ eq true  =
    _≃_.to (if _≃_.to eq false then ↔⇒≃ swap else id) true  ≡⟨ lemma₁ (_≃_.to eq false) 
    not (_≃_.to eq false)                                   ≡⟨ ≢⇒not≡ _ _ (Bool.true≢false  sym  _≃_.injective eq) ⟩∎
    _≃_.to eq true                                          

private

  -- The two proofs are not equal.

  distinct : {ext : Extensionality lzero lzero} 
             [Bool≃Bool]↔Bool₁ ext  [Bool≃Bool]↔Bool₂ ext
  distinct =
    Bool.true≢false  cong  iso  _≃_.to (_↔_.from iso true) true)