-- Advanced Functional Programming course 2022
-- Chalmers TDA342 / GU DIT260
--
-- 2022-02-28 Guest lecture by Andreas Abel
--
-- Introduction to Agda
--
-- File 1: The Curry-Howard Isomorphism
{-# OPTIONS --allow-unsolved-metas #-}
module Prelude where
-- Natural numbers as our first example of
-- an inductive data type.
data ℕ : Set where
zero : ℕ
suc : (n : ℕ) → ℕ
-- To use decimal notation for numerals, like
-- 2 instead of (suc (suc zero)), connect it
-- to the built-in natural numbers.
{-# BUILTIN NATURAL ℕ #-}
-- Lists are a parameterized inductive data type.
data List (A : Set) : Set where
[] : List A
_∷_ : (x : A) (xs : List A) → List A -- C-\ : :
infixr 6 _∷_
-- C-c C-l load
-- Disjoint sum type.
data _⊎_ (A B : Set) : Set where -- \uplus
inl : A → A ⊎ B
inr : B → A ⊎ B
infixr 4 _⊎_
-- The empty sum is the type with 0 alternatives,
-- which is the empty type.
-- By the Curry-Howard-Isomorphism,
-- which views a proposition as the set/type of its proofs,
-- it is also the absurd proposition.
data False : Set where
⊥-elim : False → {A : Set} → A
⊥-elim = {!!}
-- C-c C-SPC give
-- C-c C-, show hypotheses and goal
-- C-c C-. show hypotheses and infers type
-- Tuple types
-- The generic record type with two fields
-- where the type of the second depends on the value of the first
-- is called Sigma-type (or dependent sum), in analogy to
--
-- Σ ℕ B = Σ B(n) = B(0) + B(1) + ...
-- n ∈ ℕ
record Σ (A : Set) (B : A → Set) : Set where -- \GS \Sigma
constructor _,_
field fst : A
snd : B fst
open Σ
infixr 5 _,_
-- The non-dependent version is the ordinary Cartesian product.
_×_ : (A B : Set) → Set
A × B = Σ A (λ _ → B)
infixr 5 _×_
-- The record type with no fields has exactly one inhabitant
-- namely the empty tuple record{}
-- By Curry-Howard, it corresponds to Truth, as
-- no evidence is needed to construct this proposition.
record True : Set where
test : True
test = {!!}
-- Example: distributivity A ∧ (B ∨ C) → (A ∧ B) ∨ (A ∧ C)
dist : ∀{A B C : Set} → A × (B ⊎ C) → (A × B) ⊎ (A × C)
dist = {!!}
-- Relations
-- Type-theoretically, the type of relations 𝓟(A×A) is
--
-- A × A → Prop
--
-- which is
--
-- A × A → Set
--
-- by the Curry-Howard-Isomorphism
-- and
--
-- A → A → Set
--
-- by currying.
Rel : (A : Set) → Set₁
Rel A = A → A → Set
-- Less-or-equal on natural numbers
_≤_ : Rel ℕ
x ≤ y = {!!}
-- C-c C-l load
-- C-c C-c case split
-- C-c C-, show goal and assumptions
-- C-c C-. show goal and assumptions and current term
-- C-c C-SPC give